Fellow academicians, comrades, friends.
Today, the 20th Congress of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th Congress of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and the 10th National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology opened. This is our "two hundred years" goal of the historical intersection, the opening of a new journey to build a modern socialist country, an important moment to discuss the development of science and technology innovation to promote the development of a grand event.
First of all, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Party, to the General Assembly held, expressed warm congratulations! May 30 is the fifth National Science and Technology Workers' Day, I send my greetings to the majority of science and technology workers nationwide, to the holiday!
This year is the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. In the revolution, construction and reform of various historical periods, our party attaches great importance to the cause of science and technology. From the revolutionary period attaches great importance to the work of intellectuals, to the founding of New China after the sounding of the "March to Science", to the reform and opening up the "science and technology is the first productive force" assertion; from the new century to the in-depth implementation of knowledge innovation project, science and education strategy to strengthen the country In the new century, we have been implementing the knowledge innovation project, the strategy of developing the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, constantly improving the national innovation system and building an innovative country, and after the 18th Party Congress, we have proposed that innovation is the first driving force, comprehensively implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and building a world science and technology power, the science and technology industry has always had a very important strategic position and played a very important strategic role in the cause of the Party and the people.
Since the 19th Party Congress, the Party Central Committee has comprehensively analyzed the international competition in science and technology innovation, thoroughly studied the development situation at home and abroad, addressed the outstanding problems and challenges facing our country's science and technology undertakings, insisted on placing science and technology innovation at the core of the overall national development, and comprehensively planned the work of science and technology innovation. We adhere to the Party's overall leadership of the cause of science and technology, the general situation, the overall situation, grasp the root, the formation of an efficient organizational mobilization system and a coordinated allocation of scientific and technological resources model. We firmly grasp the strategic goal of building a world power in science and technology, with a sense of mission, responsibility and urgency to seize the opportunity of global scientific and technological development, and strive to be the first in the basic frontier areas. We give full play to the leading role of science and technology innovation, strive to achieve new breakthroughs in original innovation, leapfrog development in important areas of science and technology, promote the independent control of key core technologies, and strengthen the integration of the innovation chain industry chain. We comprehensively deploy the reform of science and technology innovation system and introduce a series of major reform initiatives to enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. We focus on implementing the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, creating a good ecological environment for talent innovation, gathering talents from all over the world, and fully stimulating the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the majority of scientific and technological personnel. We are expanding openness and cooperation in the field of science and technology, taking the initiative to integrate into the global science and technology innovation network, actively participating in solving the major challenges facing mankind, and striving to promote the achievements of science and technology innovation to benefit more countries and people.

In 2016 we held the National Conference on Science and Technology Innovation, the General Assembly of the Academicians of the two academies and the Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, and in 2018 we held the General Assembly of the Academicians of the two academies. In the past few years, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, with the joint efforts of the national science and technology community and all sectors of society, China's scientific and technological strength is moving from quantitative accumulation to qualitative leap, from point breakthroughs to systemic capacity enhancement, scientific and technological innovation has made new historic achievements.
Basic research and original innovation have made important progress. The overall strength of basic research has been significantly strengthened, and the overall level of chemistry, materials, physics, engineering and other disciplines has been significantly improved. A number of major original achievements have been made in the frontier directions of quantum information, stem cells, brain science, etc. We have successfully organized a number of major basic research tasks, including the return of Chang'e-5 to sample extraterrestrial objects, the launch of the Mars exploration by "SkyQuest-1", and the success of the "Huairou-1" gravitational-wave storm high-energy The successful launch of the all-day monitor satellite for electromagnetic counterparts, the direct measurement of the strongest magnetic field in the universe so far by the Wise-Eye, the first discovery of millisecond pulsars by the 500-meter spherical radio telescope, the first discharge of a new generation of "artificial suns", and the first discharge of a new generation of "artificial suns". The "Xuelong 2" maiden voyage to Antarctica, the 76-photon quantum computing prototype "Nine Chapters" and the 62-bit programmable superconducting quantum computing prototype "Zuchongzhi" were successfully launched. A number of major scientific and technological infrastructures with international first-class level, such as the fission neutron source, passed the acceptance.
New leaps were made in the field of strategic high technology. In the field of deep sea, deep space, deep earth, deep blue and other areas to actively seize the high ground of science and technology. The "Sea Dou No. 1" completed a 10,000-meter sea trial, the "Kampf" successfully sat on the bottom, the BeiDou satellite navigation system was fully opened, the core module of the Chinese Space Station was successfully launched, and the "Long March 5" The world's strongest flow deep-earth nuclear astrophysical gas pedal was successfully launched, the "Shenwei-TaihuLight" supercomputer achieved the first parallel first-principle calculation simulation with 10 million cores, and the "Mozi" achieved the relayless 1,000-kilometer-level quantum key distribution. "The first trial run of the Tiankun was successful. New breakthroughs were made in the "Guohe-1" and "Hualong-1" third-generation nuclear power technologies.
The C919 large aircraft was ready for operation, the 600 km/h high-speed magnetic levitation test car was successfully tested, and the largest diameter shield was successfully launched. Beijing Daxing International Airport was officially put into operation, and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge was opened for operation. Intelligent manufacturing has made great progress, artificial intelligence and digital economy are developing vigorously, image recognition and voice recognition are at the forefront of the world, and 5G mobile communication technology is the first to achieve large-scale application. The development of new energy vehicles has been accelerated. Consumer-grade drones occupy more than half of the global market. Continued innovation in methanol-to-olefin technology has led to the rapid development of China's coal-to-olefin industry.
Science and technology played an important role in the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic. The science and technology community provided scientific and decision-making support to the Party and government in responding to the epidemic scientifically. Successfully isolating the world's first strain of New Coronavirus, completing the sequencing of the virus genome, developing a number of clinical treatment drugs, testing equipment and reagents, and developing and applying a number of vaccines, science and technology provided strong support in controlling the infection, virus tracing, disease treatment, vaccine and drug development, and resuming work and production, and fought a successful scientific and technological war against the epidemic.
Significant results in the field of people's livelihood science and technology. Medical heavy ion gas pedal, magnetic resonance, color ultrasound, CT and other high-end medical equipment localization alternative has made significant progress. The use of science and technology to build a new model of precise poverty alleviation, cultivating science and technology industries and training scientific and technological talents for poor areas, science and technology has played an important role in winning the battle against poverty. Clean and efficient combustion of coal, steel multi-pollutant ultra-low emission control and many other key technologies to promote the application of air quality improvement.
Defense science and technology innovation has made significant achievements. Defense science and technology strongly support the development of major weapons and equipment, the first domestic aircraft carrier launched, the fifth-generation warplane J20 officially entered service. Dongfeng-17 ballistic missile was successfully developed, and China is in the forefront of hypersonic weapons.
Practice has proved that the cause of independent innovation in China is promising! The majority of our science and technology workers are promising! The majority of our science and technology workers to the spirit of advancing with the times, the courage to reform, perseverance, facing the world's scientific and technological frontier, facing the main battlefield of the economy, facing the major needs of the country, facing the people's health, grasp the trend, seize the opportunity, face the problem, face up to the difficulties, shoulders the heavy responsibility given by the times, and strive to achieve a high level of scientific and technological self-sufficiency and self-improvement!
Academicians, comrades and friends!
Today, the world has not seen a century of major changes to accelerate the evolution of the international environment is complex, the world economy is in the doldrums, the global industrial chain supply chain is facing reshaping, instability and uncertainty increased significantly. The impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic is widespread and far-reaching, and the undercurrents of anti-globalization, unilateralism and protectionist thinking are surging. Science and technology innovation has become the main battlefield of international strategic game, and the competition around the high point of science and technology is more intense than ever. We must maintain a strong sense of concern and be fully prepared for the ideological and work preparations.
At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change is advancing rapidly, scientific research paradigm is undergoing profound changes, cross-fertilization of disciplines is developing, and the penetration and integration of science and technology and economic and social development is accelerating. The breadth of science and technology innovation has increased significantly, and the macroscopic world, as large as the operation of celestial bodies, galaxy evolution, the origin of the universe, and the microscopic world, as small as gene editing, particle structure, quantum regulation, are at the forefront of science and technology development in the world today. The depth of scientific and technological innovation has deepened significantly, deep space exploration has become the high point of scientific and technological competition, and deep sea and deep earth exploration has continuously expanded new horizons for human understanding of nature. The speed of science and technology innovation has accelerated significantly, and the rapid development of emerging technologies represented by information technology and artificial intelligence has greatly expanded the scope of time, space and people's cognition, and mankind is entering an era of intelligent interconnection of everything with the triadic integration of "human, machine and object". The rapid development of basic and applied research in biological sciences. The research on biological macromolecules and genes has entered the stage of precise regulation, from understanding life and transforming life to synthesizing life and designing life, which brings benefits to human beings and challenges to life ethics at the same time.
After years of efforts, the overall level of science and technology in China has been significantly improved, and we have the foundation, confidence, and ability to seize the opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change, to ride on the momentum and make great achievements. At the same time, it is also necessary to see that China's original innovation capacity is not strong, the overall effectiveness of the innovation system is not high, the integration of scientific and technological innovation resources is not enough, the layout of scientific and technological innovation forces to be optimized, science and technology input and output efficiency is low, the structure of scientific and technological personnel to be optimized, science and technology evaluation system is not yet adapted to the requirements of scientific and technological development, science and technology ecology needs to be further improved. These problems, many of which are long-standing difficulties, need to continue to make great efforts to solve.
The 19th Party Congress established the strategic goal of being among the forefront of innovative countries by 2035, and the 5th Plenary Session of the 19th Party Congress proposed to adhere to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China's modernization, and to make science and technology self-reliance and self-improvement as a strategic support for national development. Based on the new development stage, implementing the new development concept, building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development, we must deeply implement the strategy of developing the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country with talents and the strategy of innovation-driven development, improve the national innovation system, accelerate the construction of a strong country in science and technology, and achieve a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement.
First, strengthen the original, leading scientific and technological research, and resolutely win the battle of key core technologies. Science and technology is a national stand, science and technology is strong, the country is strong. Strengthening basic research is the inevitable requirement of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, is our inevitable choice from the unknown to the known, from uncertainty to certainty. To accelerate the development of basic research ten-year action plan. Basic research should be courageous in exploration, highlight originality, promote the exploration and discovery of the evolution of the universe, the nature of consciousness, the structure of matter, the origin of life, etc., expand the boundaries of understanding nature and open up new cognitive frontiers. Basic research should be applied to traction, break through bottlenecks, from the actual problems facing economic and social development and national security in the condensation of scientific problems, to get through the "neck" technology of the basic theories and technical principles. To increase the financial investment in basic research, optimize the expenditure structure, the implementation of tax incentives for enterprises to invest in basic research, encourage the community to donate and establish funds and other ways to invest in multiple channels, the formation of a sustainable and stable investment mechanism.
Science and technology research should adhere to the problem-oriented, running to the most urgent, the most pressing issues. From the urgent needs of the country and long-term needs, in oil and gas, basic raw materials, high-end chips, industrial software, crop seeds, scientific experiments with instruments and equipment, chemical agents and other aspects of the key core technology to attack, accelerate the breakthrough of a number of drugs, medical devices, medical equipment, vaccines and other areas of key core technologies. To the overall development and national security of the basic core areas, targeting artificial intelligence, quantum information, integrated circuits, advanced manufacturing, life and health, brain science, biological breeding, air and space technology, deep earth and deep sea and other frontier areas, forward-looking deployment of a number of strategic, reserve technology research and development projects, targeting the future of science and technology and industrial development of the high ground. To optimize financial investment in science and technology, focusing on strategic and critical areas.

Innovation chain industry chain integration, the key is to establish the main position of enterprise innovation. To enhance the incentive of enterprise innovation, positively stimulate enterprise innovation, and negatively force enterprise innovation. We should play the role of enterprise questioner, promote the synergy of key projects and integration of R&D activities, accelerate the construction of innovation consortia led by leading enterprises, supported by universities and institutes, and the mutual synergy of all innovation subjects, develop an efficient and powerful common technology supply system, and improve the effectiveness of the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
Modern engineering and technical science is an indispensable bridge between scientific principles and industrial development and engineering development, and plays a key role in the modern science and technology system. We should vigorously strengthen the multidisciplinary integration of modern engineering and technology science research, drive the development of basic science and engineering technology, and form a complete modern science and technology system.
Second, strengthen the national strategic science and technology forces, to enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. The world's scientific and technological power competition, the competition is the national strategic scientific and technological power. National laboratories, national research institutions, high-level research universities, leading science and technology enterprises are an important part of the national strategic scientific and technological forces, to consciously fulfill the mission of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement.
National laboratories should follow the requirements of the "four directions", follow the world trend of science and technology development, adapt to the development of China's mission of science and technology development, more strategic, key scientific and technological achievements, and with the combination of national key laboratories, the formation of national laboratory system with Chinese characteristics.

National research institutions should be guided by national strategic needs, focus on solving major scientific and technological problems that affect the overall situation and long-term interests of national development, accelerate the construction of original innovation curators, and accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies.
High-level research universities should better combine the development of science and technology as the first productive force, cultivate talents as the first resource, and enhance innovation as the first driving force, give full play to the advantages of profound basic research and cross-fertilization of disciplines, and become the main force of basic research and major scientific and technological breakthroughs. To strengthen the construction of research universities and national strategic goals, strategic tasks of the docking, strengthen the basic frontier exploration and key technology breakthroughs, and strive to build Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, Chinese style discipline system, academic system, discourse system, to contribute to the cultivation of more outstanding talent.
Science and technology leading enterprises should play the advantages of market demand, integrated innovation and organizational platform, and open the channel from strong science and technology to strong enterprises, strong industry and strong economy. We should take the lead of enterprises, integrate and gather innovation resources, form cross-field, large collaboration and high-intensity innovation bases, carry out research and development of common key industrial technologies, transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, and share services of scientific and technological resources, promote the integrated configuration of projects, bases, talents and funds in key areas, and enhance the basic capabilities of our industries and modernization of industrial chains.
Each region should be based on their own advantages, combined with the needs of industrial development, scientific and reasonable layout of science and technology innovation. To support the construction of a comprehensive national science center or regional science and technology innovation center in places with the conditions, so that it has become the world's frontier areas of science and technology innovation in emerging industries, the convergence of global science and technology innovation elements.
Third, to promote the reform of the science and technology system, the formation of a basic system to support comprehensive innovation. We should improve the new system of holding the state under the conditions of socialist market economy, give full play to the role of the state as the organizer of major scientific and technological innovation, support strategic scientific programs and scientific projects with long cycles, high risks, high difficulties and good prospects, grasp the system layout, system organization and cross-border integration, and twist the government, market, society and other forces into one rope to form the overall advantage in the future. To promote a better combination of effective market and government, give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources, through the market demand to guide the effective allocation of innovation resources, forming a strong synergy to promote scientific and technological innovation.
To focus on improving the evaluation system and other basic reforms, adhere to the quality, performance, contribution as the core of the evaluation guide, a comprehensive and accurate reflection of the level of innovation, transformation and application of performance and the actual contribution to economic and social development. In project evaluation, to establish and improve the evaluation system in line with the laws of scientific research activities, improve the free exploration and task-oriented science and technology project classification evaluation system, the establishment of non-consensus science and technology project evaluation mechanism. In the talent evaluation, to "break the four only" and "establish a new standard" and accelerate the establishment of innovation value, ability, contribution-oriented evaluation system of scientific and technological talent. To support research institutions to explore the trial implementation of a more flexible salary system, stabilize and strengthen the research staff engaged in basic, cutting-edge, public welfare research team, to provide security for their peace of mind research.
Science and technology management reform can not only do "addition", be good at doing "subtraction". To take greater courage to promote the transformation of science and technology management functions, in accordance with the strategy of grasping, grasp the reform, grasp the planning, grasp the positioning of the service, change the style, enhance the ability to reduce the distribution of money, goods, set projects and other direct intervention, strengthen the planning policy guidance, give scientific research units more autonomy, giving scientists greater technical route decision and the right to use funds, so that scientific research units and scientific researchers from the cumbersome, unnecessary system The government should free scientific research units and researchers from cumbersome and unnecessary institutional constraints!
Innovation does not ask for origin, heroes regardless of where they come from. We need to reform the way major science and technology projects are set up and organized and managed, and to implement a system of "unveiling the list and hanging the marshal" and "horse race". To study the real problem, the formation of the real list, the real list. To really study the problem, so that those who want to officer, can officer, do a good job of science and technology leading talents to hang the marshal, the implementation of the technical master responsible system, funding package system, credit commitment system, regardless of qualifications, no threshold, so that the real talents of science and technology personnel heroes have a place to use!
Fourth, the construction of open innovation ecology, participation in global science and technology governance. Science and technology are universal and contemporary, and are the common wealth of mankind. To integrate development and security, plan and promote innovation with a global perspective, actively integrate into global innovation networks, focus on climate change, human health and other issues, and strengthen joint research and development with researchers from various countries. We should take the initiative to design and take the lead in initiating international scientific programs and projects, and set up scientific research funds for the world.
Technology is a powerful tool for development, but it can also become a source of risk. We should look ahead to judge the rule conflicts, social risks, and ethical challenges brought about by the development of science and technology, and improve relevant laws and regulations, ethical review rules and regulatory framework. To participate deeply in global science and technology governance, contribute Chinese wisdom, shape the cultural concept of science and technology for good, so that science and technology can better promote human welfare, so that China's science and technology to promote the building of a community of human destiny to make greater contributions!
Fifth, to stimulate the innovative vitality of all kinds of talents and build a global talent highland. The world's scientific and technological power must be able to attract talent, retain talent and use talent globally. China wants to achieve a high level of scientific and technological self-sufficiency and self-improvement, which ultimately depends on the high level of innovative talents.
Cultivating innovative talents is a great plan for the long-term development of the country and the nation. Competition in today's world is, in the final analysis, the competition for talent, education competition. We should pay more attention to the independent cultivation of talents, pay more attention to the cultivation of scientific spirit, innovation ability and critical thinking. We should pay more attention to the training of young talents, strive to create a number of top scientific and technological talent with world influence, stable support for a number of innovation teams, training more high-quality technical and skilled personnel, skilled craftsmen, great craftsmen. Our education is able to produce masters, we need to have this confidence! To create an environment of respect for labor, respect for knowledge, respect for talent, respect for creativity in the whole society, the formation of a culture of science, so that more young people with scientific dreams and innovative aspirations. "Plant a wutong tree to attract golden phoenixes." It is necessary to construct a scientific research and innovation highland that gathers global outstanding talents, and improve the policies for high-end talents and professionals to work, research and exchange in China.
Scientific and technological innovation cannot be separated from the lasting time investment of scientific and technological personnel. In order to guarantee the time of scientific researchers, the central government proposed in 1961 that "scientific and technological personnel should be guaranteed five days a week for scientific research work". To protect time is to protect the ability to innovate! To establish a guarantee mechanism that allows researchers to focus mainly on scientific research, so that they can devote their main energy to scientific innovation and research and development activities. All kinds of scenic, social activities less scientific and technical personnel to participate in, will not bring any losses! Never let science and technology personnel spend a lot of time on some unnecessary ushering activities, spend on unnecessary evaluation and assessment activities, spend on formalism, bureaucracy of all kinds of activities!
Fellow academicians, comrades, friends!
The Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering are the highest academic institutions in the national scientific and technological community and engineering science and technology, is the national strategic scientific and technological forces. To play the role of the two academies as the national team of academic leadership, the role of key core technology, the role of innovative talent training, to solve major original scientific problems, innovation "no man's land", breakthroughs in the development of key core technology constraints, the discovery, training, gathering a number of high-quality talent and high-level innovation team. To strengthen the national high-end think tank function of the two institutions, play the role of strategic scientists, and actively carry out consultation and evaluation to serve the national decision-making.
The Chinese Association for Science and Technology (CAST) should assume the role of a bridge and link between the Party and the government to science and technology workers, insist on serving science and technology workers, serving innovation-driven development, serving to improve the quality of science for all people, serving the Party and the government in scientific decision-making, more widely uniting the majority of science and technology workers around the Party, promoting the spirit of scientists, and cultivating a fine style of learning. To adhere to the world, the future, to enhance the international scientific and technological community of openness, trust and cooperation, to build a modern socialist country, to promote the building of a community of human destiny to make greater contributions.
Academician is the highest honorary title in the field of science and technology and engineering science and technology in China. Academicians of the two academies are the wealth of the country, the pride of the people and the glory of the nation. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, we have reformed the academician system and achieved positive results. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed to deepen the reform of the academician system, so that the title of academician further return to honorary and academic. In the selection of academicians to break the seniority ranking, to eliminate the influence of non-academic factors, to strengthen social supervision, to maintain the purity of the title of academician.
Here, I would like to give academicians to raise a few points of hope.
I hope that the majority of academicians to do the motherland and serve the people's example. On the journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, generation after generation of scientists to the motherland and the people, despite the difficulties, selfless dedication, for the progress of science and technology, the improvement of people's lives, the development of the Chinese nation has made significant contributions. In the new era, there is a greater need to inherit and carry forward the spirit of patriotism with the fate of the country and the nation as its mission, and there is a greater need to continue to carry forward the spirit of scientists with patriotism as the underlying color. The majority of academicians should not forget the original intention, remember the mission, respond to the call of the Party, heed the call of the motherland, maintain a deep sense of family and a strong sense of social responsibility, for the Party, for the motherland, for the people to bow and work tirelessly!
I hope that the majority of academicians to do the pursuit of truth, the courage to climb the peak of the example. Science to explore the truth, the discovery of new knowledge for the mission. All truly original knowledge needs to break through the existing knowledge system. "Good scholars exhaust their reasoning, good doers investigate their difficulties." Academicians at large should climb to the peak of science, dare to be the first, pursue excellence, strive to explore the frontiers of science, discover and solve new scientific problems, propose new concepts, theories and methods, open up new fields and directions, and form new frontier schools of thought. To overcome difficulties, gather wisdom to attack, target the "neck" of the key core technology problems, leading the team to make a major breakthrough.
I hope that the majority of academicians do adhere to the academic ethics, rigorous learning of the example. Integrity is an inevitable requirement of the spirit of science. Academicians should be models of academic ethics, adhere to academic ethics and research ethics, practice academic norms, internalize academic ethics and scientific spirit, cultivate a clean scientific research environment, and cultivate a rigorous scientific culture. Human energy is limited, academicians should focus more on scientific research, minimize part-time jobs, and focus more on the professional field.
I hope that the majority of academicians do willing to serve as a ladder and reward the example of the latter. "There are talented people from generation to generation", "since the ancient heroes out of youth". The majority of academicians should play the role of mentor in the cultivation of innovative talents to know, nurture and use talents. "Talent, material, too, to raise the noble element, make the noble tool." To teach by example, promote academic democracy, willing to do to bring up the latter's paving stones and leaders, vigorously break the seniority, circle culture, encourage young people to bold innovation, innovation, so that young talent like a spring gushing out.
Party committees and governments at all levels should fully respect talents, academicians to political care, work support, life care, listen carefully to the views of the majority of scientific researchers, including academicians, to strengthen the scientific management of scientific research activities and services to ensure the creation of a good innovation environment for scientific researchers.
Fellow academicians, comrades and friends!
The new journey of building a modern socialist country has begun, and the trumpet of marching to the second century goal has been sounded. Let us unite, innovation, tenacity and hard work, to build a world power in science and technology, to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation continue to make a new and greater contribution!